Assigned Choctaw agent and Family of Mississippi Choctaw Reservees, 1909 Courtesy of Smithsonian Institute Museum.

2009-04-13T20:15:00.000-07:00

An assigned European Indian agent and a Family of Mississippi Choctaw land reservees stand in front of their cabin in 1909, photo courtesy of Smithsonian Institute Museum. Many Mississippi Choctaw chose to remain in Mississippi as Choctaw reservees under the Sept 27, 1830 Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek. Signing within six months after the ratification of the said Treaty, promising under the Treaty to become US Citizens, to create building structers and to become civilized Missionary Christian farmers. Leaving behind their Tribal citizenship to recieve lands within two years after the signing of the Treaty, lands in "Fee Simple", one half of promised lands in Mississippi and the other half of promised lands after removal west of the Mississippi to the Indian Territories. Many amended Acts of Congress, Choctaw Act aug 3, 1842 and the Aug 3, 1846 amending the original Sept 27, 1830 Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek thus leaving many Mississippi Choctaw without "Fee Siimple" promised lands until some twenty five to seventy five years later.

Many Mississippi Choctaw after signing said Treaty deceased many decades later never recieving promised Choctaw Mississippi lands, in fact, many Mississippi Choctaw who did eventually many years later recieve their lands in "Fee Simple", were in fact sadly either deceased or removed before receiving Choctaw land certificates. In fact many of these promised land Choctaw (cardboard) certificates that were adjudicated were never received or never picked up,, which in fact sadly today still remain in Mississippi Choctaw files in the NARA Washington DC.

Mississippi Choctaw photo was descriptive of their forced Missionary Civilized Christian European clothing. This extroidinary photo was also very typical of the Choctaw claims reservees under the Choctaw Scrip (5 Stat 513) compliant under the 14th Article Sept 27, 1830 Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek.

Annual Report
Commissioners of Indian Affairs
1847-1848
Washington Ptinting Office 1846
Report by;
Indian Agent Samuel M Rutherford
Commissioner of Indian Affairs W M Medill
Dated; Oct 20, 1847

The Shuk-hu-natc-chee Band a first class group differ widerly from the Mogololushas which are regarded as turbulent, and reckless with the land scrip issued to them. .

The Shuk-hu-natc-chee Band During the last year eight parties of Choctaw emigrants amounting in all to 1,619, have been removed from Mississippi. Of these, 360 were of the Shuk-hu-nat-chee band formerly settled on a stream of that name flowing into the Tombigbee;

The Shuk-hu-nat-chee band are descently and comfortably clothed, about one third of them of religious societies, and nearly all of them have provided themselves with cabins and fields.

Smithsonian photo is typical Mississippi Choctaw claimants who have complied under Mississippi Choctaw Treaty stipulations.

Choctaw Photo resource;

Group of Nine Near Wood Frame Building 1909
Title:
Group of Nine Near Wood Frame Building 1909
Contained in:
Glass Negatives of Indians (Collected by the Bureau of American Ethnology) 1850s-1930s
Phy. Description:
1 005 in x 007 in photograph
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Digital Reference

Organization:
Item
Cite as:
BAE GN 01102B18 06226700
Local Notes:
Stained Brown; Pub: Bulletin 49 BAE Plate 12
Culture:
Choctaw Indians
Choctaw
Form / Genre:
Photographs
Repository Loc:
National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Museum Support Center, Suitland, Maryland
Local Number:
NAA INV 06226700
OPPS NEG 01102 B18

Glass Negatives of Indians (Collected by the Bureau of American Ethnology) 1850s-1930s
View Catalog record
Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology collector
Title:
Glass Negatives of Indians (Collected by the Bureau of American Ethnology) 1850s-1930s
Physical_Description:
5588 negatives
Culture:
American Indians
Archival_Repository:
National Anthropological Archives

Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology collector
Title:
Glass Negatives of Indians (Collected by the Bureau of American Ethnology) 1850s-1930s
See Others in:
Glass Negatives of Indians (Collected by the Bureau of American Ethnology) 1850s-1930s
Phy. Description:
5588 negatives

Summary:
The collection includes original and some copy negatives that have been numbered and cataloged. Virtually all are glass but there are some film negatives. Almost all related to American Indians and include a large number of studio photographs.
Linking Note:

For albums of prints made from the collection when it was in the control of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, see NAA/MS 4420.
Organization:
Item
Numerical
Provenance:

The beginning of the collection primarily involved three men. Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, of the United States geological Survey of the Territories, whose priority in the idea of collecting images of Indians in order to make them available to scholars. William Blackmore, an English financier, philanthropist, and founder of the Blackmore Museum in Salisbury, England, came to share Haydenʹs interest either independently or through associations formed on business trips to America during the Civil War. In either case, Blackmore became a supporter of Hayden and furnished much of the money to start the collection. He himself was interested in acquiring photographic prints for his museum.

Antonio Zeno Shindler, a Washington, D. C., photographer for a short period of time, was associated with Blackmore and held the collection initially. Shindler apparently acquired earlier studio photographs of Indians who visited Washington, and Blackmore allowed him to copy prints that he had been collecting from around the United States. shindler made some negatives that became part of this collection, and Blackmore arranged for many of the other negatives to be made, especially of Indians visiting Washington and New York. Blackmore also provided some field photographs.

In the early 1870s, the collection passed into the cutody of the Hayden Survey. Added to it were photographs of Indians made by William Henry Jackson, Haydenʹs field photographer on geological expeditions. Hayden also arranged for photographs of Indians to be made in studios in Washington, thereby continuing the efforts of Shindler and Blackmore. When the Hayden Survey was ended in 1879 through the merger of several geological surveys into the United States Survey, the collection passed to John Wesley Powellʹs Bureau of ethnology (later Bureau of Ethnology), an organization under the wing of the Smithsonian Institution that continued the anthropological work begun by the geological surveys.

Since, after 1881, Powell also served as head of the United States Geological Survey and the survey provided many services for the Bureau of Ethnology, sometimes including photographic services, the collection of Indian negatives appears to have been slowly separated from the survey. Nevertheless, the year 1879 taken as the date that much of the Indian photography of Powellʹs own men, especially John K. Hillers, was added to the collection.

The Bureau of American Ethnology, aided by other Smithsonian photographers, continued the work of making photographs of Indians who came to Washington, and its staff, collaborators, and contributors made many field photographs that concern American ethnology and archeology.

Many of these were added to the collection. In addition, photographic negatives were acquired from various sources, including, for example, images made at the Trans-Mississippi Exposition at Omaha, photographs of artwork in repositories outside Washington, and copies of photographic prints. Although there are other collections of glass negatives in the archives and they continue to be acquired, this particular collection was closed in the early 1970s.

Finding aids:
Card catalog In general, control to item level. Controls glass negatives of Indians as well as many other negatives of the National Anthropological Archives.
Records on SIRIS not linked to this record.

Reference prints arranged by tribe or geographic region.
Catalog Control to item level. Antonio Zeno Shindler, Photographic Portraits of North American Indians in the Gallery of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 1869. For many negatives dated before 1872.

Catalog Control to item level. William Henry Jackson, Descriptive Catalogue of the Photographs of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories for the Years 1869 to 1873, United States Geological Survey of the Territories, Miscellaneous Publications, No. 5, Washington, D. C., 1874. For many negatives dated before 1874.

Annotated publications Negative numbers for images used in publications of the Bureau of American Ethnology noted in the set of publications in the archives.

Cite as:
Glass Negatives of Indians, Smithsonian Institution National Anthropological Archives
Culture:
American Indians
Repository Loc:
National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Museum Support Center, Suitland, Maryland
Co-Creator:
Hayden, F. V. (Ferdinand Vandeveer), 1829-1887 collector
Blackmore, William collector
Shindler, Antonio Zeno collector
Jackson, William Henry
Powell, John Wesley Major collector
Hiller, John K.
United States Geological Survey
Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Etnology

Portraits of Anthropologists and others 1860s-1960s

Title:
Portraits of Anthropologists and others 1860s-1960s
Contained in:
Numbered manuscripts 1850s-1980s (some earlier)
See Others in:
Portraits of Anthropologists and others 1860s-1960s
Phy. Description:
215 items

Summary:
The collection is made up of photographic prints and negatives, photographic copies of sketches, photomechanical prints, copper plates, and a few notes. The file was put together in the archives during the 1950s from photographs of diverse origin. Some items from other collections in the National Anthropological Archives and are so noted.

There are portraits of Franz Boas, Q. M. Bond, Arno B. Cammerer, Frank Hamilton Cushing, Edwin Hamilton Davis, J. Woodbridge Davis, Frances Densmore, James Owen Dorsey, Philip Drucker, Jesse Walter Fewkes, Albert Samuel Gatschet, James A. Geary, De Lancey W. Gill, George Brown Goode, Horatio Hale, Henry Wetherbee Henshaw, John Napoleon Brinton Hewitt, John K. Hillers, William Henry Holmes, William Henry Jackson, Eugene Irving Knez, Alfred Louis Kroeber, Pere Albert Lacomb, Augustus Le Plongeon, James Mooney, Lewis Henry Morgan, Carl Oschsicanes, James Constantine Pilling, John Wesley Powell, Frau Signe Rink, Frank Harold Hanna Roberts, Jr.

Charles C. Royce, Robert Lloyd Stephenson, James Stevenson, Matilda Coxe Stevenson, Julian Haynes Steward, Steward Struever, James Gilchrist Swan, John Reed Swanton, Edwin P. Upham, Wilcomb E. Washburn, and Gordon Randolph Willey. Groups include the staff of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1936; the De Soto Commission; officers of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1885; a 1920 expedition group to Hawikuk; staff of the Great Lakes Division, United States Geological Survey, in Salt Lake City, 1882; a group at Moundville, Alabama, 1932; the University of Nebraska archeological field party, 1920; the Pecos conference, 1927; John Wesley Powell with Wild Hank, Kentucky Mountain Bill, and Jesus Aloiso; and the United States Geological Survey staff, ca. 1894.

Among photographers whose works are represented are Vernon Orlando Bailey, Blackston Studios of New York, Dana of New York, Gene Garrett, C. W. Gilbert, De Lancey W. Gill, John K. Hillers, William H. Jackson, Kets Kemethy, Paul Koby, David McDonough, H. C. Phillips, Rice of Washington, D. C., and Shuck of El Reno, Oklahoma. The Henshaw portrait is a photographic copy of a sketch by Grace Nicholson.

Organization:

Item
(1) Individual portraits also including such subjects as homes, burials, family members, and so forth;
(2) groups. Both are arranged alphabetically.
Finding aids:
List
Cite as:
Photo lot 33, Smithsonian Institution National Anthropological Archives
Subject-Name:
Boas, Franz 1858-1942 depicted
Bond, Q. M. depicted
Cammerer, Arno B. depicted
Cushing, Frank Hamilton, 1857-1900 depicted
Davis, Edwin Hamilton depicted
Davis, J. Woodbridge depicted
Densmore, Frances depicted
Dorsey, James Owen, 1848-1895. depicted
Drucker, Philip, 1911 depicted
Fewkes, Jesse Walter, 1850-1930. depicted

Gatschet, Albert S. (Albert Samuel), 1832-1907 depicted

Notes on native place names and tribal names in North and Central America
View Catalog record

Creator:
Gatschet, Albert S. (Albert Samuel), 1832-1907 collector
Title:
Notes on native place names and tribal names in North and Central America
Contained in:
Numbered manuscripts 1850s-1980s (some earlier)
Physical_Description:
3400 cards
2 boxes
Local_Number:
NAA MS 2862
Archival_Repository:
National Anthropological Archives

Smithsonian Institute Tribes North of Mexico
Indian Agent Samuel M Rutherford Sukinatchi A choctaw band living along the Sukinatchie or Sookinatchee Cr in Kemper County Mississippi.

Gatchet refers to the Sukinatchie as a former settlement in Lowndes and Kemper County Mississippi which is a mistake. The Sukinatchie, Sukinatchie or the Su-Quah-Natch-Ah is a Choctaw Bamd living along the Tombigbee Cr in Kemper County in Mississippi.

The Su-Quah-Natch-Ah Choctaw Bamd Kemper County Mississippi Ind Agt S M Rutherford U.S Stat IX, 114, 1851.

United States Geological Survey of the Territories

This Collection presented in reference to the 1909 Smithsonian photo of the "Mississippi Choctaw Claimants" by;

Leo W Pergson Chief Su-Quah-Natch Ah Mississippi Choctaw Band Kemper/Carroll County Mississippi.

Assiged European Choctaw Agent and family of Mississippi Choctaw Land Reservees:

Assigned Choctaw agent and Family of Mississippi Choctaw Reservees, 1909 Courtesy of Smithsonian Institute Museum.